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David B. Miller's avatar

This video confirms for me that the universe is apparently more complex than I had imagined. Pair production (of electrons and positrons--matter and antimatter) is significant enough in basic nuclear theory that I know about it. (But does anyone really understand it?) Radioactive decay, when (as I recall) a neutron in a particular nucleus decays into a proton, emits an electron and a positron, which immediately annihilate each other, converting their mass into high-energy gamma rays. (The technician who did my PET [Positron Emission Tomography, based on Fluorine18 decay] seemed never before to have met a patient who was familiar with the concept.) So I cannot conceptualize significant amounts of antimatter existing in the universe; mutual annihilation as far as I know is nearly instantaneous. If astrophysicists hold that antimatter does exist, they must know (not surprising) or suppose more than I.

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William Stephenson's avatar

Looks like science (the religion), freely accepts the theories of "dark matter", and " dark energy " concepts that they don't understand and can't see. While they totally disregard revelation from the Creator God that let's us know that it is Him that holds All creation together. Col 1:17b

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Al Christie's avatar

Amen, brother.

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David B. Miller's avatar

I also appreciate the discussion of the expansion of the universe. Hoyle's illustration of three dots on the surface of an inflating balloon has, I think, thrown most of us (including me) off. The illustration is true enough, an attempt to explain expansion in essentially plane geometry (though perhaps spherical or radial geometry is more accurate). But for me, Hugh Ross's analogy of expanding foam is more accurate. Each bubble in the foam (Basic Light-Unit Bubble, or BLUB in my light-hearted terminology) represents a conceptual bubble of space. Each BLUB is an expanding sphere, fitted together like frog eggs in a pond, so any gaps between the spheres can be discounted. The diameter of each BLUB is an indeterminate length, measured in light-seconds or light-hours or light-years--huge. As light travels through whatever medium in a BLUB, the BLUB is expanding, as is that medium inside it. Using the concept of light (electromagnetic pulse) as energy with a wavelength, the expansion of that medium effectively stretches that wavelength ever so slightly per BLUB. By the time the pulse has traversed several hundred or several hundred thousands of BLUBs, the cumulative stretching of the wavelength yields a red shift. (I leave it to the astrophysicists to work out the numbers.) Each BLUB is expanding in at least three dimensions, so if we scattered a dozen spaceships in different BLUBs each would be moving away from each other in different directions. Red shift would be determined using the same principle as compound interest (e^t), as the foam (BLUBs) expand three-dimensionally. It is not accurate to think in terms of stars and galaxies at the edge of the universe hurtling away from each other at or above the speed of light. Expanding foam is not that much more difficult a concept than the dots on a balloon, but easier to grasp the dimensionality. Enough for now.

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